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Research in simple terms, refers to a search for knowledge. It is also known as a scientific and systematic search for information on particular topic or issue. It is also known as the art of scientific investigation. Several social scientists have defined research in different ways.  In the Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, D. Slesinger and […]

Operation Research is relatively new discipline. Whereas 70 years ago it would have been possible to study mathematics, physics or engineering at university it would not have been possible to study OR, indeed the term OR did not exist then. It was only really in the late 1930’s that operational research began in a systematic […]

The British/Europeans refer to “operational research”, the Americans to “operations research” – but both are often shortened to just “OR” – which is the term we will use. Another term which is used for this field is “management science” (MS). The Americans sometimes combine the terms OR and MS together and say OR/MS or ORMS. […]

Production and marketing of goods and services are the essence of economic life in anysociety. All organizations perform these two basic functions to satisfy their commitments to their stakeholders – the owners, the customers and the society, at large. They create a benefit that economists call utility which is the want-satisfying power of a good […]

Economics can be broadly divided into two categories: microeconomics and macroeconomics. Macro economics studies the economic system in aggregate, while micro-economics studies the behaviour of an individual decision-making economic unit like a firm, a consumer, or an individual supplier of some factor of production. Macro-economics relates to issues such as determination of national income, savings, […]

To give a broader understanding of the Global marketing management concepts and main issues of Global business. This unit gives students an understanding of the factors that how the international trade system and the economic, political, legal and cultural environments affect a company’s international marketing decisions. Marketing essentially a creative corporate activity involving the planning […]

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is to create a competitive advantage by being the  best  at  understanding,  communicating,  delivering,  and  developing  existing  customer relationships, in addition to creating and keeping new customers. It has emerged as one of the largest management buzzword. Popularized by the business press and marketed by the aggressive CRM vendors as a […]

Consumer behavior is comparatively a new field of study which evolved just after the Second World War. The sellers market has disappeared and buyers market has come up. This led to paradigm shift of the manufacturer’s attention from product to consumer and specially focused on the consumer behavior. The evaluation of marketing concept from mere […]

Adverting is only one element of the promotion mix, but it often considered prominent in the overall marketing mix design. Its high visibility and pervasiveness made it as an important social and encomium topic in Indian society. Promotion may be defined as “the co-ordination of all seller initiated efforts to set up channels of information […]